A Continuous Controller, better known by the acronym CC, is a type of MIDI message used to transmit gradual variations of a parameter.

While the Note On/Off message is a discrete event (on/off), CC messages are used to control parameters that change over time, such as the position of a knob, fader, or lever.

Think of them as the automation of a virtual instrument.

Each CC message has a number (from 0 to 127), which corresponds to a specific parameter, and a value (also from 0 to 127), which indicates the position or intensity of that control.

Common Examples of CCs

• CC#1: Modulation Wheel - Generally used to add vibrato.

• CC#7: Main Volume - Controls the overall volume of the channel.

• CC#11: Expression - Used to Create expressive crescendos and decrescendos.

• CC#64: Sustain Pedal (Sustain Pedal) - Controls the sustain of notes.