The Dynamic Microphone is a type of transducer that operates on the physical principle of the electric generator (electromagnetic induction). Although the term is popularly used to describe Moving Coil microphones (like the classic Shure SM58), technically the category also encompasses Ribbon microphones, as both function without the need for external power to generate the signal (unlike condensers).

The operation occurs when sound waves hit the microphone diaphragm, which in turn moves an electrical conductor (a wire coil or a metal ribbon) suspended within a permanent magnetic field. This movement induces an electrical current at the output, the voltage and polarity of which copy exactly the shape of the original acoustic wave. They are widely valued in stage and studio situations for their mechanical robustness and ability to withstand high sound pressure levels (SPL) without distorting.